基于绿色发展理念的水利工程建设低碳管理模式研究

Research on low-carbon management model for water conservancy project construction based on green development concept

摘要:

为响应国家“双碳”战略，破解安徽地区水利工程建设高碳排放、管理粗放及地域适配性不足的核心问题，以绿色发展理念为指导，融合全生命周期理论与BIM－物联网－区块链深度集成技术，构建碳足迹精准追踪—低碳方案智能优化—动态监测实时反馈—绩效评价循环改进的全链条闭环低碳管理模式。针对安徽江淮、淮北、沿江三大地貌单元的工程特征，设计工程技术、管理机制与政策保障多维度协同优化策略，优化适配区域的碳排放核算模型（核算精度达95.8%）。以引江济淮工程（庐江段）为实证对象，经24个月实验组与对照组对比验证，低碳管理模式使工程建设阶段碳排放总量降低19.7%，能耗强度降低23.2%，管理效率提升35%以上，实现成本净节约0.43亿元。研究成果构建兼具技术先进性与地域适配性的水利工程低碳管理范式，完善区域水利绿色转型技术体系，为全国水利行业低碳发展提供可复制、可推广的实践路径。

Abstract:

To respond to the national “dual-carbon” strategy and address the core challenges of high carbon emissions, extensive management, and insufficient regional adaptability in water conservancy project construction in Anhui Province, this study was guided by the green development concept and integrated life-cycle theory with BIM-Internet of Things–blockchain technologies to establish a closed-loop low-carbon management model covering precise carbon footprint tracking, intelligent optimization of low-carbon schemes, real-time feedback through dynamic monitoring, and continuous improvement through performance evaluation. In view of the engineering characteristics of the Jianghuai, Huaibei, and Yangtze River regions of Anhui Province, multidimensional collaborative optimization strategies involving engineering technologies, management mechanisms, and policy support were designed, and a regionally adaptive carbon emission accounting model was optimized, achieving an accounting accuracy of 95.8%. Taking the Yangtze-to-Huaihe Water Diversion Project (Lujiang Section) as an empirical case, a 24-month comparative validation between the experimental and control groups demonstrated that the low-carbon management model reduced total carbon emissions during the construction stage by 19.7%, decreased energy consumption intensity by 23.2%, improved management efficiency by more than 35%, and achieved net cost savings of CNY 43 million. The findings establish a low-carbon management paradigm for water conservancy projects featuring both technological advancement and regional adaptability, improve the regional green transformation technology system for water conservancy, and provide a replicable and scalable pathway for low-carbon development in the national water conservancy sector.