地下水“天空地水工”一体化监测感知体系研究

Research of integrated monitoring and perception system of groundwater “Space-Sky-Ground-Hydrology-Engineering”

摘要:

地下水监测由于存在站网分布不均、密度不足、指标单一等问题，尚不能全方位支撑最严格水资源管理要求。为实现地下水全要素、全周期监测，基于数字孪生水利框架研究提出构建地下水“天空地水工”一体化监测感知体系，从宏观、中观和微观 3 个尺度对感知体系进行定义，从时间、空间、数据、业务、管理 5 个维度强调不同尺度数据融合使用的方法和要求，并提出着力构建地下水数据底板、充分整合创新、数据共建共享是构建感知体系的关键技术路径，地下水流场绘制、超采综合治理和早期预警是构建感知体系的典型应用场景。依托数字孪生流域、数字孪生水网、数字孪生工程，以及国家地下水监测二期工程等国家重点项目，加快构建地下水“天空地水工”一体化监测感知体系，可为地下水各类业务场景提供全方位技术支撑。

Abstract:

Due to the uneven distribution，insuffi cient density，and single indicators in the station network，groundwater monitoring cannot fully support the strictest water resource management requirements in all aspects. To achieve full element and full-cycle monitoring of groundwater，this research proposed the construction of an integrated monitoring and perception system groundwater“Space-Sky-Ground-Hydrology-Engineering”based on the digital twin water conservancy framework，and defi ned the perception system from three scales：macro，meso，and micro. It emphasized the methods and requirements for the integration and use of data at different scales from five dimensions：time， space，data，business，and management. The research proposed that focusing on building a groundwater data platform， fully integrating innovation，and jointly building and sharing data were key technological paths for constructing the perception system. The mapping of groundwater flow fields，comprehensive management of overexploitation，and early warning were typical application scenarios for building the perception system. Relying on national key projects such as digital twin watersheds，digital twin water networks，digital twin projects，and the second phase of the national groundwater monitoring project，accelerating the construction of the integrated monitoring and perception system of groundwater “Space-Sky-Ground-Hydrology-Engineering” will provide comprehensive technical support for various business scenarios of groundwater.