数字孪生倾斜摄影模型轻量化技术的研究与应用

Research and application of lightweight technology for digital twin oblique photogrammetry models

摘要:

针对海量倾斜摄影模型在数字孪生平台使用效率低的问题，提出一种基于 OBJ 格式的倾斜摄影模型轻量化方法，具有更高的数据简化率，且能够自适应处理不规则边界的倾斜摄影模型，技术流程主要包括解析数据、纹理压缩、三角网简化和基于空间模板的网格合并。青岛市区倾斜摄影模型轻量化的结果表明：模型数据量简化率约为 43%，三维场景帧率提升约为 160%；能够有效减少模型瓦块数量和存储空间，同时保留模型几何结构精度和纹理贴图主体特征，实现网格接边处平滑衔接，避免较大几何变形和纹理扭曲。研究方法能够提升应用平台数据加载速度和渲染效率，降低平台硬件配置要求。

Abstract:

To address the low effi ciency of massive oblique photogrammetry models on digital twin platforms，this study proposed a lightweight method for oblique photogrammetry models based on the OBJ format. The method achieved a higher data simplifi cation rate and can adaptively process irregular boundaries of photogrammetry models. The technical workflow included data parsing，texture compression，triangular mesh simplification，and spatial template-based mesh merging. Applied to the oblique photogrammetry model of Qingdao’s urban area，the results showed a data reduction rate of approximately 43% and a 3D scene frame rate improvement of about 160%. This approach eff ectively reduced the number of model tiles and storage requirements while preserving geometric structure accuracy and primary texture features. It also ensured smooth transitions at mesh edges，avoiding signifi cant geometric deformations and texture distortions. The method enhances data loading speed and rendering effi ciency on application platforms while lowering hardware requirements.