悬锤式水位计零值误差检定方法研究与应用

Research and application of zero-value error calibration method for plumb bob type water level meters

摘要:

地下水水位自动监测仪器需要定期通过人工测量地下水水位埋深的方法进行比测校准，悬锤式水位计是最常用的人工测量仪器，可用于比测校准，故悬锤式水位计测量准确性会直接影响自动监测仪器测量数据的准确性。通过研究悬锤式水位计的结构组成与工作原理，分析导致测量误差的影响因素，提出 1 种基于稳定测量液面的悬锤式水位计零值误差检定方法，并对基于该方法研制的检定装置进行试验验证。试验结果表明：本检定方法相较于用游标卡尺检定更符合悬锤式水位计的实际应用场景，装置的测量结果不确定度满足悬锤式水位计零值误差的检定校准要求，将有效提升悬锤式水位计零值误差检定校准的适用性和准确性，为悬锤式水位计零值误差的检定和校准提供较新的方法与手段，具有很好的实用性。

Abstract:

Automated groundwater level monitoring instruments require periodic calibration by manual measurement of the groundwater depth. The plumb bob type water level meter，a commonly used manual measuring device， is frequently employed for calibration purposes. Therefore，the accuracy of the plumb bob type water level meter directly aff ects the measurement data from automated monitoring instruments. By studying the structure and working principles of the plumb bob type water level meter and analyzing the factors contributing to measurement errors， this paper proposes a new method for calibrating the zero-value error of the plumb bob type water level meter， based on a stable water surface. A testing device developed based on this method was experimentally validated. The results show that this calibration method is more suited to the practical application of the plumb bob type water level meter compared to using a vernier caliper. The uncertainty of the device’s measurement results meets the calibration requirements for zero-value errors in plumb bob type water level meters. This method significantly enhances the applicability and accuracy of zero-value error calibration，off ering a novel approach for the calibration of zero-value errors in plumb bob type water level meters with strong practicality.