基于GIS的海洋灾害预报预警系统应用研究

Application of marine disaster forecasting and early warning system based on GIS

摘要:

针对目前宁波市海洋灾害实时数据存储分散独立、预报不够精细化且不能有效结合 GIS 可视化分析等问题，提出并实现海洋灾害预报预警系统应用建设。以宁波市沿海区域为例，结合历年影响宁波市较大的多场台风，通过分析海浪、风暴潮等海洋灾害特点，对海洋灾害各类实时数据进行数据预处理、融合、清洗等，并整合为统一的、标准的海洋灾害实时数据库。利用智能网格预报和 ADCIRC 技术方法分别对海浪和风暴潮进行预报，并基于GIS 动态可视化海洋灾害预报预警演变历程，实现海洋灾害的监测、预报、预警、预演等功能，为海洋灾害防御决策提供直观场景和技术支撑，进而提升沿海区域海洋灾害治理和防御能力。

Abstract:

In response to the current problems of dispersed and independent real-time data storage，insufficient refi nement of forecasting，and inability to eff ectively integrate GIS visualization analysis in marine disaster in NingboCity，this paper proposes the application of marine disaster forecasting and early warning system. Taking the coastalarea of Ningbo City as a case，combined with many typhoons that had greatly aff ected Ningbo City over the years，this paper analyzes the characteristics of marine disaster，such as sea waves and storm surges. It also conducts data preprocessing，data fusion，data cleansing，etc.，for various real-time data of marine disaster and integrates them intoa unifi ed and standard real-time database of marine disaster. The intelligent grid forecasting technology and ADCIRCtechnology are applied to forecast the sea waves and storm surges respectively，and the evolution process of marinedisaster forecasting and early warning is dynamically visualized based on GIS to realize the monitoring，forecasting，early warning，and rehearsal of marine disaster，providing intuitive scenes and technical support for marine disasterdefense decisions. Hence，the disaster management and defense capabilities in coastal area can be improved.