平原感潮河网地区控制片主要口门设站的选择分析

Analysis on the selection of hydrological stations at the main entrance of control area in plain tidal river network region

摘要:

为及时、准确地监测水文站网控制片与外河交换的水量，需根据河道水情、现场环境、工作需求等情况合理规划主要口门的设站批次，有计划地完善站网布局。以上海市青浦区为例，梳理区域控制片主要口门设站现状，利用已有数据资料，从区域发展、河道级别、模型需要、水量大小和流量变幅方面分析设站的必要性，从水层代表性、 断面地形、站址条件、基础建设成本和流速分布方面分析设站的可行性，采用目标分解法建立设站指标体系，利用德菲尔法确定各指标权重，再应用线性加权求和法进行综合比选，进而确定主要口门设站的批次。结果得到青浦区控制片主要口门设站 3 个批次，各批次分别有 7，5 和 3 处，可为南方平原感潮河网地区控制片主要口门设站的选择分析提供新的方法。

Abstract:

In order to timely and accurately monitor the amount of water exchanged between the control area of the hydrological station network and the outer river，it is necessary to reasonably plan the station setting batch at the main entrance according to the river water condition，site environment，work demand，etc.，as well as improve the station network layout in a planned way. Taking Qingpu District of Shanghai as an example，considering the current situation of setting up stations at the main entrance of the regional control area，and using the existing data，this paper analyzes not only the necessity of station setting from the aspects of regional development，river level，model demand，water volume and flow variation amplitude，but also the feasibility from water layer representativeness，section topography， station site conditions，infrastructure cost and flow velocity distribution. The goal decomposition method is applied to establish the index system of station setting and the Delphi method is utilized to determine the weight of each index. The linear weighted summation method is adopted for comprehensive selection，and then the batches of stations set are determined. The results show that there are three batches of stations at the main entrance of the control area in Qingpu District，with 7，5 and 3 stations in each batch，which can provide a new method for the selection analysis of stations at the main entrance of the control area in the tidal river network region of the southern plain.