超声波功率对水生生物的影响

Effect of ultrasonic power on aquatic organisms

摘要:

功率是影响超声波除藻效果的重要参数之一，同时也会影响水生生物的生态安全。为了研究超声波功率对水生生物的影响，试验选取了3种不同功率（1.5，2.2，50W）的超声波辐射伊乐藻Elodea nuttallii、大型蚤Daphnia magna和蒙古裸腹蚤Moina mongolina、草金鱼Carassius auratus和日本沼虾Macrobranchium nipponense 5 min。测定的指标有大型蚤、蒙古裸腹蚤的个体存活数和伊乐藻、草金鱼、日本沼虾的湿重以及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性。试验结果表明：随着超声波功率的增强，大型蚤和蒙古裸腹蚤的死亡个数增多。超声波功率越高，伊乐藻和草金鱼的湿重减少越明显；但超声波功率对日本沼虾湿重的影响不显著。超声波辐射会使伊乐藻和草金鱼的SOD酶活性降低，但对日本沼虾的SOD酶的活性影响不明显；超声波功率和伊乐藻、草金鱼的SOD酶的活性变化并未出现明显的相关性。

Abstract:

Power is one of the important parameters in algae removal efficiency which affect the ecological safety of aquatic organisms as well. To investigate the effect of ultrasonic power on aquatic organisms, three different ultrasonic probes which power is 1.5, 2.2, 50 W are selected to irradiate Elodea nuttallii, Daphnia magna and Moina mongolina, Carassius auratus, Macrobranchium nipponense in 5 minutes. The individual survival number of Daphnia magna and Moina mongolina, the wet weight and superoxide dismutase (SOD) of Elodea nuttallii, Carassius auratus and Macrobranchium nipponense are studied.The results show that: With the increase of the ultrasonic power, the number of Daphnia magna and Macrobranchium nipponense deaths increases. The higher the ultrasonic power is, the more weight of Elodea nuttallii and Carassius auratus loss. However ultrasonic power affects weight of Macrobranchium nipponense little. Ultrasonic irradiation makes SOD activity of Elodea nuttallii and Carassius auratus decrease. But the SOD activity influence of Macrobranchium nipponense is not obvious. Ultrasonic power and SOD enzyme of Elodea nuttallii, Carassius auratus do not show significant correlation.